Survey of terrestrial faunistic potential in the Lago district

Abstract

Fauna is essential for maintaining ecosystem balance, controlling populations and regenerating forests. Human actions, such as habitat destruction and fragmentation, affect animal distribution and diversity. A study in the Lake district of Mozambique, specifically in the communities of Micùcué and Mepochi, assessed the potential of terrestrial fauna across three environments: forest, "machambas" (agricultural plots), and burnt areas. The research used pitfall traps, direct observation, track identification, and interviews. The traps captured 224 animals, representing 31 species, 23 families, 9 orders, and 5 classes (Mammalia, Insecta, and Reptilia). Interviews with residents recorded 219 mammals, 169 reptiles, and 68 amphibians. The results indicate that the Lake district is rich in terrestrial fauna, with great abundance and species diversity. However, activities such as agriculture, uncontrolled burning, firewood extraction, and charcoal production are the main threats negatively impacting the local fauna's population dynamics.